Spencer Banzhaf is a Professor in the Dept. of Economics at Georgia State University. He specializes in estimating household’s values for non-market goods such as environmental quality. In related work, he has suggested ways to measure and construct indexes of ecosystem services. Two themes in Banzhaf’s work are the distributional welfare effects of environmental policies and the interactions among local environmental amenities, local real estate markets, and the demographic composition and structure of cities. In particular, he has studied the way these social mechanisms interact to drive the correlations between pollution and poor households, as described by the “Environmental Justice” movement. More recently, he has focused on the bounds we can place on valuing environmental quality under minimal modeling assumptions.