How has natural and anthropogenic climate change shaped human relationships with the environment? Against the backdrop of planetary environmental emergencies of the early-21st century, this discussion-based course will consider various time scales of ecological, technological, social, and political transformation, including: the rise of agriculture, state formation, and civilizational collapse; the “Medieval Warm Period” and the “Little Ice Age”; the Industrial Revolution, imperialism, and the consolidation of a global fossil fuel regime; the “Great Acceleration” of the mid-20th century; the development of modern climate science; and the social, political, and technological responses to human-induced global warming. Within these time scales, we will explore the dynamics of climate change, the environment, and society through the historical study of land management, population displacement and migration, resource extraction, energy production and consumption, the global commons, as well as the role of national and international governance arrangements in mediating the unequal distribution of environmental risk across the world. Ethics, morality, equity, and justice, among other concepts, will be investigated as we analyze connections among socio-environmental transformations and class-based, racialized, and gendered forms of inequality.